correlation does not imply causation
相関関係と因果関係
Affirming the consequent – Type of fallacious argument (logical fallacy)
Alignments of random points – Phenomenon in statistics
Apophenia – Tendency to perceive connections between unrelated things
Post hoc analysis – Statistical analyses that were not specified before the data were seen
Multiple comparisons problem – Problem where one considers a set of inferences simultaneously based on the observed values
Look-elsewhere effect
Data dredging – Misuse of data analysis
Testing hypotheses suggested by the data
Bible code – Purported set of secret messages encoded within the Hebrew text of the Torah
Coincidence#Coincidence and causality – Concurrence of events with no connection
Confounding – Variable in statistics
Confusion of the inverse
French paradox – Observation that amount heart diseases French people have is much less than is expected
Design of experiments – Design of tasks set to uncover from
Joint effect
Normally distributed and uncorrelated does not imply independent
Pirates and global warming
Reproducibility – Aspect of scientific research
Spurious relationship – Apparent, but false, correlation between causally-independent variables
Bradford Hill criteria
Correlation does not imply causation - Wikipedia